Lower the demand
Get the person's attention gently, use their preferred name and speak at a natural pace. One idea or question at a time is easier to process than a string of choices.
Respond to meaning and emotion
If details are confused, correcting every fact can create shame or conflict. Listen for the feeling underneath. 'You sound worried about Mum' may be more helpful than proving that Mum died years ago.
- Reduce background television or radio
- Offer two clear choices instead of an open-ended question
- Allow extra time for an answer
- Use gesture, objects or pictures alongside words
- Check hearing aids and glasses are working
When conversation is difficult
Pain, tiredness, hunger, infection and an unfamiliar environment can all make communication harder. A sudden change should be discussed with a healthcare professional rather than assumed to be the dementia progressing.
Sources and further reading
Reviewed against trusted UK health guidance. Personal circumstances vary; speak to a qualified professional for individual advice.