Signs that deserve attention
Common features include marked changes in alertness, detailed visual hallucinations, slower or stiffer movement, falls, fainting and disturbed sleep. Memory can be affected, but it may not be the first or most obvious change.
One symptom alone does not establish a diagnosis. New confusion, hallucinations or movement changes can also have other causes, including infection or medicine side effects.
Make the appointment more useful
Keep a short diary for a week or two. Note what happened, when it happened, how long it lasted, any recent medicine changes and the effect on everyday tasks. Ask the person what they have noticed and include their words where possible.
- Book a GP appointment if changes persist or affect daily life
- Take an up-to-date medicines list
- Bring someone who knows the person well, with their agreement
- Ask what will happen next and who to contact if symptoms change
When to seek urgent help
Sudden confusion is not the same as a gradual cognitive decline and needs urgent medical assessment. Call 999 for stroke-like symptoms, serious injury, loss of consciousness or immediate danger. If you are unsure, use NHS 111.
Sources and further reading
Reviewed against trusted UK health guidance. Personal circumstances vary; speak to a qualified professional for individual advice.